辨析betodo,begoingtodo,beabouttodo1betodo:1表示事先商定、安排或准备要做的事情。如：Thestudentsaretomeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。2）表示可能性，必要、责任、义务、禁止等。如：Hernecklacewasnottocouldn''tbefound.她的项链找不到了。2begoingtodo:1表示将要发生的事情或打算最近要进行的动作。如：Itisgoingtorainsoon.快要下雨了。2在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句一般不用begoingto，而常用will。如：Thefootballmatchwillbeputoffifitrainstomorrow.如果明天下雨，足球赛将被推迟举行。3beabouttodo:1表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。如：Weareabouttostart.我们就要出发了。Thenewschoolyearisabouttobegin.新学年开学在即。2在含有beabouttodo的句子中，不能再加时间状语。如：Wrong:Themedicalteamisabouttostartimmediately.Right:Themedicalteamisabouttostart.医疗队就要出发了。附：betodo用法的详细讲解：一般说来，“betodo”这个结构有两种语法意义，其一是连系动词be动词不定式做表语，其二是beto是一个独立词汇单位,具有情态含义,可以把它叫做情态习语modalidiom。一、be动词不定式,不定式做表语,表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的。如：Theproblemistofindasolution.Hisplanistocleantheroom.Mywishistobeadoctor.二、beto动词不定式中的beto用作情态习语,这时的betodo表示:“计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。haveto,oughtto。如:Heistohaveaholiday.表示将来Thecommitteeistomeettoday.表示计划、安排Youaretogotothehotelwhereroomshavealreadybeenbookedforyou.1.表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”。意思接近于begoingto如：Theirdaughteristogetmarriedsoon.Whoistoquestionhim？Itwasthelastfilmatthecinema，whichwastoclosenextday.Afterdinnertheyweretogotoamovie.was/weretodo表示过去曾经计划要做的事，或者过去应当做的事，而且从现在的角度来看已经实现了。如：IfeltnervousbecauseIwassoontoleavehomeforthefirsttime.IwastoplayJuliet.Theexpeditionwastostartinaweek’stime.was/weretohavedone,表示“本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当”做的事而没有做成或没有发生。如:IwastohaveseenhimlastWednesday,buthedidn’tcome.Weweretohavebeenmarriedlastyear.2.表示“义务”、“应该”。意思接近于should，must，oughtto，haveto如：Nooneistoleavethebuilding.谁也不得离开这楼房。Youarenottosmokeinthisroom.=Youarenotsupposedtosmokeinthisroom.Youaretobebackby10o’clock.你必须十点以前回来。3.表示可能性,相当于can,may如:Suchbooksaretobefoundinthelibrary.这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。Notasinglesoundwastobeheard.一点儿声音也听不到。Notasoulwastobeseen.看不到一个人影。Shewasnowheretobefound.哪儿也找不到她。Shewasnevertoseehiswifeandfamilyagain.5.表示“命运”,将来必然要发生的事,译作“注定……”。如：Hecametopower,buthewastoplaydearlyforit:soonhewasassassinated.Theworstisstilltocome.Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingtheywerenevertomeetagain.6.用于“if…weretodo”，表示虚拟语气。如：Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.如果明天下雨,运动会就会延期。Exercises:1.Thisfilm_____thisSunday.A.isgoingtoshowB.isshowingC.istobeshowD.willhavebeenshow2.Thestudentsweretoldthatthey____attheschoolgateat2:00thefollowingafternoon.A.metB.willmeetC.weretomeetD.weremet3.Thehouse______readytodaybutastherehasbeenabuilders’strikeitisstillonlyhalffinished.A.isB.wastobeC.wasD.wastohavebeen4.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_________.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive5.How_______I______whathasbecomeofhim?A.am;toknowB.am;knowingC.was;toknowD.will;know6.______he________tomorrow,Iwouldgotomeethimatthestation.A.Were;tocomeB.Was;comingC.Did;comeD.Would;come。
黄甘霖2019-12-21 20:36:44