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补充:文莱著名景点的英文介绍:TheCityCenterBandarSeriBegawanOmarAliSaifuddienMosqueDominatingthecitycentreofBandarSeriBegawan,thisisoneofthemostmagnificentmosquesinSoutheastAsiaandasymbolofthestrongIslamicfaithofthepeopleofBruneiDarussalam.Completedin1958,itisnamedafterthe28thSultan,OmarAliSaifuddien,whoisstillreferredtoasthearchitectofmodernBrunei.KampongAyerEarlyEuropeanvisitorstoBruneiDarussalamdescribedtheKampongAyer,orWaterVillage,astheVeniceoftheEast.Today,visitorscontinuetobefascinatedbythesetraditionalandhistorichousesonstiltswhichspanthegreaterpartoftheBruneiRiver.TheRoyalRegaliaBuildingSituatedintheheartofBandarSeriBegawan,theRoyalRegaliaMuseumwasbuilttocommemoratetheSilverJubileeofHisMajesty''saccessiontothethronein1992.Thismuseumishometoacollectionofroyalregalia,includingtheroyalchariot,goldandsilverceremonialarmoury,thejewel-encrustedcrownsusedduringthecoronationandareplicaofthethronewhichHisMajestyusesonstateoccasions.BruneiHistoryCentreEstablishedin1982,theBruneiHistoryCentrewasfoundedtoundertakeresearchintotherichhistoryofBruneiDarussalam.AmongtheareasofspecialinterestisthegenealogyandhistoryoftheSultansofBruneiandtheRoyalFamily.Thereisadisplayareaopentothepublicfrom7.45amto12.15pmand1.30pmto4.30pmonMondaythroughThursdayandonSaturday.ThecentreissituatednexttotheRoyalRegaliaBuilding.LapauandDewanMajlisAnothermagnificentbuildingwithinBandarSeriBegawanistheRoyalCeremonialHall,betterknownastheLapau,wherethepresentSultanwascrownedonthe1stofAugust1968.AnexquisitegoldendomehighlightstheLapau''sinterior.Traditionalroyalceremoniesarenormallyheldhere.AdjoiningtheLapauistheDewanMajlisorParliamentHouse.TasekRecreationalParkThisisoneoftheoldestrecreationalparkswithinthecity.Aswellasanaturalwaterfallandlake,theparkfeaturesabeautifulgardenoftreesandflowers.Forthosewhowanttogetawayfromthenoisytrafficofthecity,thisparkisanidealplacetospendsometime.Ittakesabout15minutestowalktherefromtheLapau.BruneiShell,aspartoftheircommunitywork,havealsoinstalledan8mhighwallforthoseinterestedinclimbing.TamuKianggehThetamu,oropenmarket,issituatedonthebanksoftheKianggehRiverincentralBandarSeriBegawan.Hereonecanfindawidevarietyofitemsincludinglocaldishes,fruitsandvegetables,flowersandhandicrafts.Thetamuisopeneverydayfrommorningtolateevening.TheIstanaNurulImanandTamanPersiaranDamuanThemostimpressivesiteinBandarSeriBegawanisHisMajesty''sroyalpalace,knownastheIstanaNurulIman.Itisthelargestresidentialpalaceintheworld,anditsgoldendomes,vaultingroofandriversidesettingmakeitaspectacularsubjectforphotographs.ThepalaceisopentothepubliconlyduringHariRaya,whenresidentsandvisitorsalikehavetheopportunitytogreetHisMajestyandtheroyalhouseholds.ThebestviewoftheistanaisfromthePersiaranDamuan,whichisaparkalongtheriverbankoffJalanTutong.Ithaswalkways,awellequippedplaygroundandfeaturesixoutdoorsculpturesbyASEANartists,onthethemeofUnit,vinDiversity.ThePersiaranDamuanispopularforjoggingandhasseveralfoodstallsintheevenings.YayasanSultanHajiHassanalBolkiahFoundationComplexAdjacenttotheOmarAliSaifuddienMosque,thisisthelatestimposingadditiontotheskylineandwaterfrontofBandarSeriBegawan.Itisacommercialandshoppingcomplex,designedtogeneraterevenueforafoundationdedicatedtothewelfareofthepeople.ItisapersonalinitiativeofHisMajesty,andisatestamenttohisabidingconcernforthewell-beingofthepeopleofBrunei.ThecomplexisdesignedwithanamalgamationofbothtraditionalMalayandmodernarchitecture.ItsmainwalkwayfeaturesexcellentviewsoftheOmarAliSaifuddienMosqueatoneendandKampongAyerattheother.Theshoppingcomplex,openedinJuly1996,andcontainsthebiggestselectionofshoppingfacilitiesinBrunei.Variousbrandedgoodsaresoldhere.WiththeYayasanSultanHajiHassanalBolkiahFoundationComplex,BandarSeriBegawanaimstocreateacompletenewimageinthecitycentre,thusmakingitamajortouristattraction.TamanMiniPerayaanKampongParitAbout26kmfromBandarSeriBegawan,theTamanMiniPerayaanKampongParitfeaturesauthenticminireplicasofdwellingsthatrepresentruralBruneiandtheKampongAyer.Themodelsarebuiltinthetraditionalmannerandaresurroundedbyforestgreenery,makingiteasytoimaginewhatlifewaslikeindaysgoneby.KampongParitalsoincludesachildrens''playgroundandopen-airlocal-stylefoodstalls.Communityeventsandfestivalsareoftenheldhere,suchastheSultan''sbirthdaycelebration.更多文莱著名景点的英文介绍,很详尽,请浏览:http://www.asiatravel.com/brunei/bruinfo.html==========文莱英文介绍==========注:你可知道明朝洪武八年,黄森屏出使文莱。黄森屏之女嫁给文莱第二苏丹阿合曼。阿合曼死后,黄森屏之女继位成为文莱国王。此后文莱王位由女系继承,凡20代。华人移民史:http://huaxia.moonlightchest.com/chinese_migration.asp知道:http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/61218795.html?fr=qrlBruneiDarussalam,officiallytheStateofBrunei,AbodeofPeace,isacountrylocatedonthenorthcoastoftheislandofBorneo,inSoutheastAsia.ApartfromitscoastlinewiththeSouthChinaSeaitiscompletelysurroundedbythestateofSarawak,Malaysia,andinfactitisseparatedintotwopartsbyLimbang,whichispartofSarawak.Brunei,theremnantofaverypowerfulsultanate,regaineditsindependencefromtheUnitedKingdomon1January1984.TheSultanateofBruneiwasverypowerfulfromthefourteenthtothesixteenthcentury.Itsrealmextendedoverthecoastalregionsofmodern-daySarawakandSabah,theSuluarchipelago,andtheislandsoffthenorthwesttipofBorneo.Europeaninfluencegraduallybroughtanendtothisregionalpower.Later,therewasabriefwarwithSpain,inwhichBrunei''scapitalwasoccupied.EventuallythesultanatewasvictoriousbutlostterritoriestoSpain.ThedeclineoftheBruneianEmpireculminatedinthenineteenthcenturywhenBruneilostmuchofitsterritorytotheWhiteRajahsofSarawak,resultinginitscurrentsmalllandmassandseparationintotwoparts.BruneiwasaBritishprotectoratefrom1888to1984.BruneiwasoccupiedbyJapanfrom1941to1945duringWorldWarII;BritaindidnotdefendBruneiinspiteofanAgreementtodoso.Therewasasmallrebellionagainstthemonarchyduringthe1960s,whichwassuppressedbytheUnitedKingdom.ThiseventbecameknownastheBruneiRevoltandwaspartlyresponsibleforthefailuretocreatetheNorthBorneoFederation.TherebellionalsoaffectedBrunei''sdecisiontooptoutoftheMalaysianFederationandwasthefirststageoftheIndonesia-Malaysiaconfrontation.TheSultanateofBruneiwasfoundedwhenSharifAliofHejadzmarriedthelocalBruneiprincess.HebroughtIslamandfoundedmanymosquesinBrunei.SultanHassanalBolkiahofBrunei,whosetitlehaspassedwithinthesamedynastysincethefifteenthcentury,istheheadofstateandheadofgovernmentinBrunei.TheSultanisadvisedbyseveralcouncilsandacabinetofministersalthoughheiseffectivelythesupremeruler.Themediaisextremelypro-governmentandtheRoyalfamilyretainsaveneratedstatuswithinthecountry.Bruneiisanabsolutemonarchyandthesultanhasabsolutepower.Thereisnoelectedlegislativebody.InSeptember2004,theSultanconvenedanappointedParliamentwhichhadnotmetsinceindependencein1984,althoughitlacksanycapacitybeyondadvisingthemonarch.BruneiisamemberoftheUnitedNations,CommonwealthofNations,ASEAN,andOrganizationoftheIslamicConference.Bruneihasbeengiven"NotFree"statusbyFreedomHouse;presscriticismofthegovernmentandmonarchyisrare.BruneiclaimsterritoryinSarawak,suchasLimbang,anditisoneofmanynationstolayclaimtothedisputedSpratlyIslands.SeveralsmallislandssituatedbetweenBruneiandLabuan,includingKuramanisland,arecontestedbetweenBruneiandMalaysia.LimbangisstilladisputedterritoryandisthesubjectthecurrentnegotiationbetweenBruneiandMalaysia.BruneiDarussalamconsistsoftwounconnectedpartswithatotalareaof5,766sq.kilometers2,226sq.miles.97%ofthepopulationlivesinthelargerwesternpart,whileonlyabout10,000liveinthemountainouseasternpartthedistrictofTemburong.ThetotalpopulationofBruneiDarussalamisabout400,000ofwhicharound130,000liveinthecapitalBandarSeriBegawan.OthermajortownsaretheporttownofMuara,theoilproducingtownofSeriaanditsneighboringtown,KualaBelait.IntheBelaitdistrict,thePanagaareaishometolargenumbersofexpatriatesduetoRoyalDutchShellandBritishArmyhousingandrecreationalfacilities.Thewell-knownPanagaClubissituatedhere.JerudongPark,awellknownamusementpark,islocatedonthewestofBandarSeriBegawan.BandarSeriBegawanhasahumidsubtropicalclimate.Theaverageannualtemperatureis23.6°C74.5°F,withasummeraverageof29.4°C84.9°Fandawinteraverageof21.0°C69.8°F.Thissmall,wealthyeconomyisamixtureofforeignanddomesticentrepreneurship,governmentregulation,welfaremeasures,andvillagetradition.CrudeoilandnaturalgasproductionaccountfornearlyhalfofitsGDP.Substantialincomefromoverseasinvestmentsupplementsincomefromdomesticproduction.Thegovernmentprovidesforallmedicalservicesandsubsidizesriceandhousing.Brunei''sleadersareconcernedthatsteadilyincreasedintegrationintheworldeconomywillundermineinternalsocialcohesionalthoughitbecameamoreprominentplayerbyservingaschairmanforthe2000Asia-PacificEconomicCooperationAPECforum.Statedplansforthefutureincludeupgradingthelabourforce,reducingunemployment,strengtheningthebankingandtourismsectors,and,ingeneral,furtherwideningtheeconomicbase.Thenationalairline,RoyalBrunei,istryingtomakeBruneiahubforinternationaltravelbetweenEuropeandAustralia/NewZealand,andalsohasservicestomajorAsiandestinations.Bruneiensuresthatallcitizenshaveaccesstofreehealthcare,providedviaagroupofpublichospitals.ThelargesthospitalinBruneiisRajaIsteriPengiranAnakSalehaHospital,alsoknownasRIPASHospital.Thereisalsoaprivatemedicalsector,JerudongParkMedicalCentre.Asof2019,nohospitalsinBruneiwereundergoinginternationalhealthcareaccreditation.ThereiscurrentlynomedicalschoolinBrunei,andBruneianswishingtostudytobecomedoctorshavetoattenduniversitiesoverseas.Thissituationmaybechanging.Also,toensurethepublic''saccesstomedicalcare,qualifieddoctorsfromoverseasareimportedintothecountry.ASchoolofNursingwasfoundedin1951.Bruneiisaccessibleviaseaandlandtravel.ThemainhighwayrunningacrossBruneiisthePanBorneoHighway,whichisajointprojectwithMalaysia.BesidesthePanBorneoHighway,BruneicanbeaccessedbyairthroughBruneiInternationalAirport.RoyalBruneiisthemainairlinecompanyinBrunei.Bruneihasseveralseaports,mainlytoexportitspetroleumproducts,aswellasforimportandexportpurposes.ThecultureofBruneiispredominantlyMalay,withheavyinfluencesfromIslam,butisseenasmoreconservativethanMalaysia.Thecultureisalsoinfluencedbythedemographicsofthecountry:two-thirdsofthepopulationareMalay,andtheremainderconsistsofChinese,IndiansandindigenousMalays.Bruneialsohasalargenumberofforeignworkers,includingIndonesianandFilipinodomesticworkers,labourersfromThailand,IndonesiaandtheIndiansubcontinentparticularlyIndiaandBangladesh,andAmericanandBritishprofessionalsworkinginindustryandeducation。
黄石兰2019-12-21 18:44:04
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